Early Human Development
Volume 86, Issue 4 , Pages 237-240 , April 2010

Standard fortification of preterm human milk fails to meet recommended protein intake: Bedside evaluation by Near-Infrared-Reflectance-Analysis

  • Luigi Corvaglia

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • “Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sull'Alimentazione Umana, CIRAU”, University of Bologna, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Neonatologia e Terapia Intensiva Neonatale, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Via Massarenti 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy. Tel./fax: +39 051 342754.
    • These authors contributed equally to the paper.
    • ,
  • Arianna Aceti

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • These authors contributed equally to the paper.
    • ,
  • Vittoria Paoletti

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • ,
  • Elisa Mariani

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • ,
  • Daniela Patrono

      Affiliations

    • Central Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
    • ,
  • Gina Ancora

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • ,
  • Maria Grazia Capretti

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • ,
  • Giacomo Faldella

      Affiliations

    • Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
    • “Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sull'Alimentazione Umana, CIRAU”, University of Bologna, Italy

Received 2 February 2010 ,Revised 26 March 2010 ,Accepted 9 April 2010.

References 

  1. Hay WW, Lucas A, Heird WC, Ziegler E, Levin E, Grave GD, et al. Workshop summary: nutrition of the extremely low birth weight infant. Pediatrics. 1999;104:1360–1368
  2. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition . Nutritional needs of preterm infants. In:  Kleinman RE editors. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook American Academy of Pediatrics. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2004;p. 23–54
  3. Agostoni C, Buonocore G, Carnielli V, De Curtis M, Darmaun D, Decsi T, et al. Enteral nutrient supply for preterm infants: commentary from the european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition committee on nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010;50:85–91
  4. Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, Naylor AJ, O'Hare D, Schanler RJ, et al. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2005;115:496–506
  5. Carratù B, Boniglia C, Scalisea F, Ambruzzi AM, Sanzinia E. Nitrogenous components of human milk: non-protein nitrogen, true protein and free amino acids. Food Chem. 2003;81:357–362
  6. Kuschel CA, Harding JE. Multicomponent fortified human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;CD000343
  7. Corvaglia L, Battistini B, Paoletti V, Aceti A, Capretti MG, Faldella G. Near infrared reflectance analysis to evaluate human milk's nitrogen and fat content in neonatal-intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2008;93:F372–F375
  8. De Curtis M, Candusso M, Pieltain C, Rigo J. Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1999;81:F141–F143
  9. Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics . Commentary on breast-feeding and infant formulas, including proposed standards for formulas. Pediatrics. 1976;57:278–8519
  10. Ad Hoc Expert Consultation, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada . Guidelines for the Composition and Clinical Testing of Formulas for Preterm Infants. Ottawa, Canada. 1995;
  11. Fenton TR, Belik J. Routine handling of milk fed to preterm infants can significantly increase osmolality. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002;35:298–302
  12. Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ. Randomised trial of early diet in preterm babies and later intelligence quotient. BMJ. 1998;317:1481–1487
  13. Hawthorne KM, Abrams SA. Safety and efficacy of human milk fortification for very low birth weight infants. Nutr Rev. 2004;62:482–489
  14. Arslanoglu S, Moro GE, Ziegler EE. Adjustable fortification of human milk fed to preterm infants: does it make a difference?. J Perinatol. 2006;26:614–621
  15. Ridout E, Melara D, Rottinghaus S, Thureen PJ. Blood urea nitrogen concentration as a marker of amino-acid intolerance in neonates with birthweight less than 1250g. J Perinatol. 2005;25:130–133
  16. Ridout E, Georgieff MK. Nutritional assessment of the neonate. In:  Thureen PJ,  Hay WW editor. Neonatal Nutrition and Metabolism. Cambridge: Canbridge University Press; 2006;p. 586–601
  17. de Halleux V, Close A, Stalport S, Studinski F, Habibi F, Rigo J. Advantages of individualized fortification of human milk for preterm infants. Arch Pediatr. 2007;14:S5–S10
  18. Maggio L, Costa S, Gallini F. Human milk fortifiers in very low birth weight infants. Early Hum Dev. 2009;85:S59–S61

PII: S0378-3782(10)00080-0

doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.04.001

Early Human Development
Volume 86, Issue 4 , Pages 237-240 , April 2010

Article Tools